Rotationally restricted mimics of rigid molecules: nonspirocyclic hydantoin aldose reductase inhibitors

J Med Chem. 1989 Jun;32(6):1208-13. doi: 10.1021/jm00126a011.

Abstract

Sorbinil (1), a spirocyclic hydantoin, is a potent inhibitor of the enzyme aldose reductase. Simulation of the rigid spirocyclic ring orientation found in sorbinil was achieved with nonspirocyclic 5-[5'-chloro-2'-(alkylsulfonyl)-phenyl]hydantoins and 5-[5'-chloro-2'-[(N-alkylamino)sulfonyl]phenyl]hydantoins. The 2'-substituent (SO2R) was sufficiently large to hinder rotation of the hydantoin ring, forcing an orientation similar to that of a spirocyclic hydantoin. Calculated conformational preference, X-ray data, and inhibitory IC50 values for these nonspirocyclic 2'-substituted (SO2R) phenylhydantoins are in accord with what is expected for spirocyclic hydantoins and comparable to those of sorbinil.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Aldehyde Reductase / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Chemical Phenomena
  • Chemistry
  • Humans
  • Hydantoins / chemical synthesis*
  • Hydantoins / pharmacology
  • Imidazoles / pharmacology
  • Imidazolidines*
  • Molecular Conformation
  • Molecular Structure
  • Placenta / enzymology
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Sugar Alcohol Dehydrogenases / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Sulfonamides
  • Sulfones

Substances

  • Hydantoins
  • Imidazoles
  • Imidazolidines
  • Sulfonamides
  • Sulfones
  • Sugar Alcohol Dehydrogenases
  • Aldehyde Reductase
  • sorbinil